Major developments in 2023 in marine applications led to the inception of the first green-hydrogen powered vessels.
Here’s an article posted in Ballard.
According to the article,
- 2023: A Landmark Year for Marine Technology
- Industry-First Hydrogen-Powered Vessels Set Sail
- Key Players: Integrators, Vessel Operators, Fuel Cell Suppliers, and Infrastructure Providers
- Vessels: Norled’s MF Hydra, FPS Waal, Zulu06
Handling liquid hydrogen on board vessels requires stringent safety measures due to its cryogenic nature and potential hazards. Here are some key precautions:
- Cryogenic Storage and Handling:
- Insulated Tanks: Liquid hydrogen is stored in double-walled, vacuum-insulated tanks to minimize heat transfer and prevent boil-off.
- Venting Systems: Vessels have venting systems to release excess pressure and prevent tank rupture.
- Safety Valves: Pressure relief valves ensure safe pressure levels within the tanks.
- Fire Safety:
- Hydrogen Flames: Hydrogen flames are nearly invisible, making detection challenging. Safety protocols include gas detectors and fire suppression systems.
- Avoiding Ignition Sources: Strict protocols prevent ignition sources near hydrogen storage areas.
- Electrical Safety:
- Electrostatic Discharge (ESD): ESD can ignite hydrogen. Proper grounding and bonding prevent accidental discharges.
- Intrinsically Safe Equipment: Electrical equipment must be intrinsically safe to avoid sparks.
- Leak Detection and Mitigation:
- Leak Sensors: Continuous monitoring for hydrogen leaks using sensors.
- Emergency Shutdown Systems: Rapid shutdown procedures activate if leaks are detected.
- Ventilation: Adequate ventilation prevents hydrogen accumulation.
- Emergency Response:
- Emergency Venting: Controlled venting during emergencies prevents overpressure.
- Firefighting Equipment: Fire extinguishers suitable for hydrogen fires, such as those that use foam, powder, or carbon dioxide
- Material Compatibility:
- Materials in contact with liquid hydrogen must be compatible (e.g., tank materials, seals, gaskets).
- Hydrogen Embrittlement: Special alloys prevent hydrogen-induced embrittlement.
Interestingly, we have other posts related to this content:
Our specialty focus areas include 
“Shipping with Green Hydrogen: Ammonia Cracking Technology by Pherousa” – This article talks about Pherousa’s deal with pure hydrogen and their proposed solution to the challenges of storing and using hydrogen on deep-sea shipping with ammonia cracker.
