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Typical System Components
Grid-tied system without battery backup consists of just two main components, a PV array and a grid-tied inverter.
In addition, the array frames can be installed as:
- Fixed, where the frame is fixed at the optimum angle.
- Adjustable, where the frame can be adjusted manually during the year (often not carried out as years progress)
- Tracking, where the frames automatically move to receive optimal sunlight during the day and throughout the year.
Grid-interactive PV System without Battery Backup 
While trackers are most efficient, they are more expensive and require maintenance.
The most common PV module that is 5-to-25 square feet in size and weighs about 3-4 lbs./sq ft. Often sets of four or more smaller modules are framed or attached together by struts in what is called a panel. This panel is typically around 20-35 square feet in area for ease of handling on a roof.
This allows some assembly and wiring functions to be done on the ground if called for by the installation instructions.
Balance of system equipment (BOS): BOS includes mounting systems and wiring systems used to integrate the solar modules into the structural and electrical systems of the home. The wiring systems include disconnects for the DC and AC sides of the inverter, ground-fault protection, and over-current protection for the solar modules.
Most systems include a combiner board of some kind since most modules require fusing for each module source circuit. Some inverters include this fusing and combining function within the inverter enclosure.
DC-AC inverter: This is the device that takes the dc power from the PV array and converts it into standard ac power used by the house appliances.
Metering: This includes meters to provide indication of system performance. Some meters can indicate home energy usage.
Other components: utility switch (depending on local utility)
The advantages and disadvantages of a grid-tied system without battery include the following:
- Cost-effective for net metering
- Does not provide back-up in case of grid failure
- Simple to install
- No power management opportunities
- Highest efficiency
Know More About Batteries For Rooftop Solar
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